Supercompensation（SC, 超代偿效应/超量恢复）一直是我国运动训练学的基石，关于这个基石有一篇来自南非长跑研究专家Noakes研究小组早在1997年的的经典论文，希望大家读一读
Hawley JA, Schabort EJ, Noakes TD, Dennis SC. 1997. Carbohydrate-loading and exercise performance. An update. Sports Med. 1997 Aug;24(2):73-81.
This review suggests that
there is little or no effect of elevating pre-exercise muscle glycogen contents above normal resting values on a single exhaustive bout of high-intensity exercise lasting less than 5 minutes.
Nor is there any benefit of increasing starting muscle glycogen content on moderate-intensity running or cycling lasting 60 to 90 minutes.
In such exercise substantial quantities of glycogen remain in the working muscles at the end of exercise.
However, elevated starting muscle glycogen content will postpone fatigue by approximately equal to 20% in endurance events lasting more than 90 minutes. During this type of exercise, exhaustion usually coincides with critically low (25 mmol/kg wet weight) muscle glycogen contents, suggesting the supply of energy from glycogen utilisation cannot be replaced by an increased oxidation of blood glucose. Glycogen supercompensation may also improve endurance performance in which a set distance is covered as quickly as possible. In such exercise, high carbohydrate diets have been reported to improve performance by 2 to 3%.
从上面的内容来看，SC至少对于运动时间少于90min的运动是没有用处的。
至于运动时间长于90min的运动，有一些研究，但从内稳态训练理论（附录一和二）的角度来看不值得提倡。
形成SC的前提必须用运动和营养控制来耗竭已有的肌糖元，这种训练方式只能属于超常训练（ET），ET形成的SC即使可以提高供能，但ET之后必须立即参加比赛，ET形成的疲劳造成难以消除，带着SC和疲劳参加比赛所能够取得的成绩与带着享受常规训练（OT）参加比赛，何者更容易取得好成绩，几乎是很显然的。从这个角度来说，我不赞成利用SC提高肌糖元的方法提高运动成绩。
实际上SC就是提高供能系统的品质，可以用于ET，作为ET的训练方法之一。但在参加比赛之前，必须用OT来消除相应的疲劳。
附录一 [原创] 内稳态训练理论：20080215： 以赛带练
http://bbs.tiyuol.com/thread-3126-1-1.html
附录二 [讨论] 项目内稳态
http://bbs.tiyuol.com/thread-4972-1-1.html
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本帖最后由 刘承宜 于 2008-3-19 02:54 PM 编辑 ]
